Static vs. Server-Side Rendering in Next.js

Next.js is a versatile framework that supports multiple rendering methods, including Static Site Generation (SSG) and Server-Side Rendering (SSR). Understanding the difference between these rendering methods is crucial for building efficient and scalable applications.

Rendering Methods in Next.js

Next.js offers two primary rendering methods: Static Site Generation (SSG) and Server-Side Rendering (SSR). Each has its own use cases and benefits depending on your application’s needs.

1. Static Site Generation (SSG)

SSG generates HTML pages at build time, creating pre-rendered content that can be served as static files. This method is ideal for pages where the content doesn’t change frequently.

Key Features:

• Build-Time Generation: HTML is generated once, during the build process.

• Fast Performance: Since the content is static, it can be served quickly from a CDN.

• SEO-Friendly: Pre-rendered content ensures search engines can easily crawl the page.

When to Use SSG:

• Blog posts

• Marketing pages

• Documentation sites

• E-commerce product listings with minimal updates

Example:

To implement SSG in Next.js, use the getStaticProps function:

import { GetStaticProps } from 'next';

type Props = {
  data: string;
};

export default function StaticPage({ data }: Props) {
  return <div>{data}</div>;
}

export const getStaticProps: GetStaticProps = async () => {
  const data = 'This is static content.';
  return {
    props: { data },
  };
};

2. Server-Side Rendering (SSR)

SSR generates HTML dynamically on each request, ensuring content is always up-to-date. This method is suitable for applications requiring real-time data or user-specific content.

Key Features:

• Request-Time Generation: HTML is generated on the server for every user request.

• Dynamic Content: Allows rendering of personalized or frequently changing data.

• SEO-Friendly: Content is pre-rendered for each request, benefiting search engines.

When to Use SSR:

• Personalized dashboards

• Real-time data apps

• User-specific content pages

Example:

To implement SSR in Next.js, use the getServerSideProps function:

import { GetServerSideProps } from 'next';

type Props = {
  data: string;
};

export default function ServerPage({ data }: Props) {
  return <div>{data}</div>;
}

export const getServerSideProps: GetServerSideProps = async () => {
  const data = 'This content is rendered on the server.';
  return {
    props: { data },
  };
};

Choosing Between SSG and SSR

The choice between SSG and SSR depends on the specific requirements of your application. Here are some factors to consider:

Combining SSG and SSR

Next.js allows you to combine both rendering methods within a single project. For example:

• Use SSG for static pages like a homepage or blog.

• Use SSR for dynamic pages like a user profile or admin dashboard.

Conclusion

Understanding Static Site Generation (SSG) and Server-Side Rendering (SSR) is essential for leveraging Next.js effectively. By carefully considering the needs of your application, you can choose the rendering method that provides the best performance, scalability, and user experience. Explore both methods and combine them to create powerful, modern web applications!